Зміст
Food poisoning — one of the most widespread diseases among people around the world. As a rule, it passes benign and passes in itself in several days, but in certain cases can be serious and can demand hospitalization. How to treat food poisoning house means?
What is the food poisoning?
A set of the gastrointestinal symptoms beginning after consumption of the infected food is established by such type. Food poisoning begins when you eat or drink the food including harmful microorganisms. These pathogens can be bacteria and also viruses and fungi. You can also be poisoned with the food containing the toxins produced by bacteria, or chemically polluted products, for example, pesticides.
The bacteria causing food infections include Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria or Clostridium. Symptoms of food poisoning are also born viruses, such as hepatitis A, rotaviruses and parasites (for example, Giardia lamblia, Cyclospora, a dysenteric amebiaz or Cryptosporidium).
Food poisoning, as a rule, is developed within several hours after consumption of the infected food. They irritate more often in the summer or in warm regions of the world because during a heat the bacteria have the best conditions for reproduction. It is too much bacteria in food or the toxins produced by them can cause unpleasant illnesses. At various ceremonies or large public actions the big group of people can get poisoned if serve them the infected food.
Thus, mass cooking is subject to strict legal instructions to avoid poisoning and distribution of dangerous bacteria. Conditions which especially promote faster to damage of products and reproduction in them of microbes is heat and humidity.
How to distinguish food poisoning?
The general symptoms of food poisoning cover belly-ache, diarrhea and vomiting. These symptoms can sometimes be followed by temperature increase of a body and the general weakness of a body. At vomiting and diarrhea an organism, it is quickly dehydrated and weakens.
Symptoms of food poisoning are shown on average in 12–24 hours after consumption of the infected food and usually last up to 3 days. In case of bacterial infections, it can borrow about one week. After the period of heavy symptoms to digestive system, more time for restoration can be required. Usually for this purpose easier diet and the regular use of a reasonable portion of food is required.
Symptoms of food poisoning so general that it is difficult to define the exact cause of poisoning. The corresponding microbiological tests, such as crops a calla and toxicological researches can be required precisely to define what pathogen caused poisoning. This type of diagnostics is usually carried out in situations when symptoms become very strong, do not pass and there is a health hazard. Then the exact diagnosis allows appointing targeting therapy.
Food poisoning: treatment. Self-made ways
In case of food poisoning, you hold the body hydrated. During diarrhea and vomiting, the organism very quickly loses water and becomes weaker. Therefore, the basis of effective therapy is formed by drinking water (the mineral not aerated or boiled tap water) or electrolytes. Why still water? Actually, sparkling water often contains minerals, but when your stomach is angry because of poisoning, they can irritate in addition him and increase vomiting probability. The optimal variant is to drink electrolytes.
Electrolytes represent a combination of salts of sodium, potassium and glucose. Their solution fills not only water, but also the lost ions of sodium and potassium, and digestible sugar (that is glucose) quickly feeds a brain and muscles. In pharmacies, they can be got in the form of tablets or bags for dissolution in water or in the form of liquids, ready to the use. They should be had in a house first-aid kit because they often are useful. They will help to restore water balance at food poisoning, in hot days or after the intensive trainings. In addition, they perfectly are suitable for a hangover.
If there are no ready electrolytes at your place, it is possible to prepare water with a small amount of salt, sugar and lemon juice. Thus, you will provide an organism with ions of sodium and sugar. You can also prepare house electrolytes, having mixed warm water with a honey spoon, a pinch of salt and a small amount of lemon or orange juice. It is the best of all for cold to drink this drink.
Drink liquid at food poisoning slowly, small drinks. Thus, you gradually enter them into an organism, without irritating a stomach. For example, if you quickly drink a glass of water, you will suddenly deliver the large volume of liquid in a stomach that in case of poisoning can provoke vomiting and further loss of water. If you are dehydrated also your problems with drink, use teaspoons in small amounts, but it is frequent. It is quite tiresome method, but in conditions of severe dehydration and irritation of digestive system.
House food poisoning medicines contain rest and hydration. The organism can cope with the majority of food poisonings independently, it is only necessary to create for it conditions. At severe vomiting several hours are better to refrain from food. It will help to calm a stomach and will give more chances of recovery after a break.
But remember!
At children and elderly people, do not take too long break in food because they have lower stock of energy, than at the average adult.
From available without prescription drugs, which can be useful at food poisoning, it is possible to mention electrolytes, a probiotics (Lactobacillus GG, Saccharomyces boulardii that proved the efficiency at treatment of poisonings) or medicines with smectic in pharmacy. The corresponding probiotics will reduce growth of pathogenic bacteria, and will reduce diarrhea duration. At adults medicines loperamide can also be used as supportive application, which suppresses peristaltic reductions.
What is at food poisoning?
Electrolytes, water and digestible dishes will help you to survive until symptoms disappear. What is during food poisoning? Initially it have to be liquid gruels on the basis of rice or corn porridge with a small amount of salt. Such dishes fill energy and sodium, but do not load digestive system. The diet at food poisoning can also cover puree, boiled apple, carrots or a celery. Potatoes made in the same way (it is desirable without vykladyvaniye), will approach too.
In the beginning, avoid fat and hot dishes and dairy products. White loaf with oil or honey — one of forms of digestible snack. Honey has antibacterial and antifungal properties and contains simple sugar and many minerals. This unique structure — ideal set at food poisoning. It fills caloric content, gives energy, and in addition supports fight against the pathogenic microorganisms, which caused unpleasant illnesses.
Well transferable product after food poisoning is also banana. Its gentle texture and contained in it sugar will allow you to get up, without overloading a stomach during digestion process.
After the worst symptoms disappear, try to return gradually to the usual diet within several days. Easily acquired menu will help you to restore balance and will give to digestive system time for restoration. The menu after food poisoning can include white bread with a small amount of butter, easy fried fowl or low-fat cottage cheese. Dishes have to be based on low fat and boiled meat and on vegetables, rice or grain. In the beginning, it is better to avoid some fresh fruit. They can be eaten prepared and it is desirable cleaned. You enter milk and dairy products gradually, since a small amount. Within several weeks, avoid some spicy and greasy food and also alcohol and coffee.
When can dangerously food poisoning be?
If poisoning does not pass, is followed by fever or in food, which you ate to poisoning, there were such products as mushrooms, see a doctor. In such situations, intoxication of an organism can be so strong that it is necessary to carry out the corresponding treatment by antibiotics, to enter a dropper or to check for poisoning with the toxins breaking work of bodies of digestive system.
At food poisoning, the symptoms usually disappear spontaneously, and treatment consists in the basic in maintenance of water balance of an organism. In situations when the problem remains and symptoms are serious, your doctor can recommend antibiotics or a dropper for rehydration of your body and replenishment of electrolytes.
You should see a doctor if symptoms of food poisoning are followed: visual impairments, ptozy or disorders of nervous system it can indicate botulism hazardous to health. Besides, if you test such disturbing symptoms as violation of breath or a warm rhythm, or fever, immediately see a doctor. To other illnesses, which have to induce you to address the expert, are lack of improvement after several days of intoxication, severe pain in a stomach or release of blood in a chair. Babies, pregnant women and elderly people always need absolute medical consultation.
After symptoms of food poisoning disappear, you can return to usual daily activity. However, it is worth remembering strict hygiene of hands because at some infections after symptoms abate, the patient can still allocate bacteria. The correct hygiene will save from further distribution of microorganisms.
How to avoid food poisoning?
To avoid food poisoning in the future, wash hands before and after food, and before cooking. Besides, even if on a small fragment of a product there is a mold, so all its part is unsuitable for the use. The disputes of mushrooms and substances causing damage can be present at all product even if only some of them visually worsened.
It is worth paying attention to conditions of preparation and storage of dishes. The products demanding cooling should be placed in the fridge right after return home from purchases. Crude meat should be stored in the separate closed tanks. Place leftovers in the fridge as soon as they cool down. Before the use, fruit and vegetables need to be washed out under flowing water. Also good habit is use of separate boards for crude and ready-made products. Also it is necessary to pay attention to that pets did not jump on table-tops or places where dishes are cooked or move.
Remember that even if you buy the crude product infected with bacteria it does not mean that you are poisoned. Bacteria have to die at heat treatment of products (frying, roasting or cooking). However, you can transfer bacteria to products, ready to the use, using for them the same knives or boards therefore do not forget to have separate sets for cutting of crude and ready-made products.
